One of the most common causes of dry eye syndrome is decreased tear production by the lacrimal glands. This reduction is often linked to aging, as the lacrimal glands produce fewer tears over time.
Dry eye syndrome, also known as ocular dryness, is a common condition where the eyes either fail to produce enough tears or the quality of those tears is insufficient to maintain proper lubrication of the eye's surface. This can cause irritation, burning sensations, grittiness, and even blurred vision. Dry eye syndrome may be temporary or chronic, affecting an increasing number of people, particularly with prolonged screen use and aging.
Some factors that may predispose individuals to dry eye syndrome include medication use, lifestyle habits, and wearing face masks for extended periods.
One of the most common causes of dry eye syndrome is decreased tear production by the lacrimal glands. This reduction is often linked to aging, as the lacrimal glands produce fewer tears over time.
Certain inflammatory conditions, such as blepharitis (inflammation of the eyelids) or conjunctivitis, can affect tear production or quality, leading to dry eye syndrome.
Some medications can reduce tear production. These include antihistamines, antidepressants, diuretics, and certain blood pressure drugs.
Dry, windy, or air-conditioned environments—as well as exposure to smoke or air pollution—can speed up tear evaporation and contribute to dry eyes.
In addition to tear quantity, tear quality can also be affected. Malfunctioning Meibomian glands, which produce the oily layer of the tear film, can cause tears to evaporate too quickly.
Staring at a computer, phone, or tablet for long periods can reduce blinking frequency. This interferes with the regular spread of tears across the eye’s surface and can worsen dryness.
Symptoms vary from person to person, but the most common include:
Your optometrist has the training and equipment to conduct an objective evaluation of dry eye syndrome. Specific tests will be performed to assess the integrity of the ocular surface, eyelid health, and tear quality. These tests help determine the level of dryness and guide your optometrist in recommending the appropriate treatment, whether you have symptoms or not. Follow-up tests may be necessary to monitor improvements and adjust treatment if needed to better manage the condition.
The treatment for dry eye syndrome depends on the underlying cause and the severity of symptoms. After your evaluation, your optometrist will recommend the most suitable options for you. An effective treatment plan may include a combination of:
A comprehensive eye health exam and dry eye assessment can identify the root cause of your discomfort.
Your optometrist will create a personalized treatment and follow-up plan to care for your eye health and relieve the symptoms of dry eye syndrome.