This section provides information on the most common eye diseases. While these conditions become more frequent with age, they remain relatively rare. If you suspect you have an eye condition, it is important to consult an optometrist as soon as possible.
Eye Diseases: Symptoms, Prevention, and Treatments
Common Eye Conditions
Symptoms, Risks, and the Importance of a Consultation
Cataracts
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Cataracts occur when the natural lens of the eye becomes cloudy, leading to blurred vision. While they are often associated with aging, cataracts can also result from injuries, medical conditions, or certain medications.
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Floaters
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Floaters appear as small dark specks or thread-like strands that drift across your field of vision. They are most noticeable against bright backgrounds, such as a blue sky or a white sheet of paper.
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Conjunctivitis (pink eye)
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Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva. It can be caused by a viral or bacterial infection or by allergies. Symptoms include red eyes, itching, discharge, and a burning sensation.
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Macular Degeneration
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Macular degeneration is a deterioration of the macula (the central part of the retina), generally associated with aging. It affects central vision and can make tasks such as reading or driving difficult.
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Diabetic Retinopathy
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This condition is a complication of diabetes in which the blood vessels of the retina become damaged, potentially leading to vision problems or even blindness. Diabetic retinopathy can be prevented or delayed with proper blood sugar control.
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Glaucoma
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Glaucoma is an eye disease in which increased pressure inside the eye damages the optic nerve, leading to vision loss, often gradually. Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide.
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Dry Eye Syndrome
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Dry eye syndrome occurs when the eyes do not produce enough tears or when tears evaporate too quickly, leading to dryness, burning sensations, and itching. Various factors can contribute to this condition, including aging, prolonged screen use, and side effects of certain medications.
This discomfort can result in corneal irritation or even an eye infection. It is therefore essential to address the issue as soon as symptoms appear.
There are multiple treatment options and products available to manage dry eyes, such as artificial tears, cleansing wipes, and eye masks.
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