Diabetic Retinopathy: Diabetes and Eye Health

Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes that affects the blood vessels of the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. This condition generally occurs in individuals whose diabetes is poorly controlled, especially those with a long history of the disease. Excess glucose in the blood can weaken the retinal blood vessels, leading to poor circulation, fluid leakage, or bleeding. Symptoms include blurred vision, floating spots, visual fluctuations, and, in severe cases, vision loss.

Diabetic retinopathy often develops without initial symptoms, making regular eye exams essential for early detection. Strict diabetes management, along with blood pressure and cholesterol control, is critical for preventing or slowing the progression of the disease. In some cases, treatments such as laser therapy, intraocular injections, or surgery may be necessary to address advanced complications and preserve vision. Regular monitoring by an eye care professional is essential for individuals with diabetes.